全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3924篇 |
免费 | 230篇 |
国内免费 | 176篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 45篇 |
2022年 | 64篇 |
2021年 | 106篇 |
2020年 | 93篇 |
2019年 | 125篇 |
2018年 | 112篇 |
2017年 | 112篇 |
2016年 | 134篇 |
2015年 | 128篇 |
2014年 | 189篇 |
2013年 | 373篇 |
2012年 | 99篇 |
2011年 | 144篇 |
2010年 | 126篇 |
2009年 | 150篇 |
2008年 | 148篇 |
2007年 | 136篇 |
2006年 | 134篇 |
2005年 | 118篇 |
2004年 | 92篇 |
2003年 | 97篇 |
2002年 | 91篇 |
2001年 | 82篇 |
2000年 | 76篇 |
1999年 | 85篇 |
1998年 | 70篇 |
1997年 | 79篇 |
1996年 | 91篇 |
1995年 | 103篇 |
1994年 | 126篇 |
1993年 | 106篇 |
1992年 | 117篇 |
1991年 | 95篇 |
1990年 | 77篇 |
1989年 | 70篇 |
1988年 | 55篇 |
1987年 | 48篇 |
1986年 | 54篇 |
1985年 | 42篇 |
1984年 | 49篇 |
1983年 | 23篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有4330条查询结果,搜索用时 91 毫秒
1.
The development of a sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for GA3 is reported. This method was based on the use of peroxidase labelled GA3 and immobilized antibodies. In order to obtain a rapid immunoassay, several steps of purification were analyzed to show their necessity. Barley seed extracts were assayed at different steps of purification to exhibit the effect of extract components on the assay. It was demonstrated that HPLC had to be performed when a selective quantitation of GA3 was required. This assay allowed GA3 to be measured with reproducibility as its unmethylated form and the quantitation of GA3 in barley seeds with this enzyme immunoassay was correlated to a GC-MS method.Abbreviations GA3
gibberellin A3
- EIA
enzyme immunoassay
- DMF
dimethylformamide
- TEA
tri(n)ethylamine
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- OVA
ovalbumine
- ECF
ethylchloroformate
- PB
phosphate buffer 相似文献
2.
Natural antibodies to interferon-gamma 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Natural antibodies to interferon (IFN)-γ were detected in the serum of virus-infected patients and also, at a low titre, in
the serum of healthy subjects. The increased titre of antibodies to IFN-γ in the sera of virus-infected patients, and its
decrease with clinical resolution, indicate that these antibodies are related to viral infection and probably reflect IFN-γ
production as a result of antigenic stimulationin vivo. Natural antibodies to IFN-γ were affinity purified and studied for their capability to interferein vitro with the multiple activities of the lymphokine. Data obtained show that these human anti-IFN-γ antibodies have no inhibitory
effect on the antiviral and antiproliferative activity of IFN-γ and do not interfere with the binding of the lymphokine to
its specific cell receptor. Instead, they can inhibit the expression of HLA-DR antigens induced by IFN-γ on U937 cells and
interfere, in mixed lymphocyte culture, with the proliferation of lymphocytes and the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes.
Experiments in animal models suggest that natural antibodies to IFN-γ may have a role in the immunoregulatory process limiting
the intensity and/or duration of immune response. As they can interfere only with the immunomodulating activities of IFN-γ,
these antibodies might open up new therapeutic approaches to diseases with evidence of activated cell-mediated immunity. 相似文献
3.
Arash Salmaninejad Saeed Farajzadeh Valilou Arezoo Gowhari Shabgah Saeed Aslani Malihe Alimardani Alireza Pasdar Amirhossein Sahebkar 《Journal of cellular physiology》2019,234(10):16824-16837
Over the course of past few years, cancer immunotherapy has been accompanied with promising results. However, preliminary investigations with respect to immunotherapy concentrated mostly on targeting the immune checkpoints, nowadays, emerge as the most efficient strategy to raise beneficial antitumor immune responses. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) plays an important role in subsiding immune responses and promoting self-tolerance through suppressing the activity of T cells and promoting differentiation of regulatory T cells. PD-1 is considered as an immune checkpoint and protects against autoimmune responses through both induction of apoptosis in antigen-specific T cells and inhibiting apoptosis in regulatory T cells. Several clinical trials exerting PD-1 monoclonal antibodies as well as other immune-checkpoint blockades have had prosperous outcomes and opened new horizons in tumor immunotherapy. Nonetheless, a bulk of patients have failed to respond to these newly emerging immune-based approach and the survival rate was not satisfying. Additional strategies, especially combination therapies, has been initiated and been further promising. Attempts to identify novel and well-suited predictive biomarkers are also sensed. In this review, the promotion of cancer immunotherapy targeting PD-1 immunoinhibitory pathway is discussed. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
Aurélien Sokal Pascal Chappert Giovanna Barba-Spaeth Anais Roeser Slim Fourati Imane Azzaoui Alexis Vandenberghe Ignacio Fernandez Annalisa Meola Magali Bouvier-Alias Etienne Crickx Asma Beldi-Ferchiou Sophie Hue Laetitia Languille Marc Michel Samia Baloul France Noizat-Pirenne Marine Luka Matthieu Mahévas 《Cell》2021,184(5):1201-1213.e14
7.
《Cell》2021,184(22):5593-5607.e18
8.
Johannes F. Scheid Christopher O. Barnes Basak Eraslan Andrew Hudak Jennifer R. Keeffe Lisa A. Cosimi Eric M. Brown Frauke Muecksch Yiska Weisblum Shuting Zhang Toni Delorey Ann E. Woolley Fadi Ghantous Sung-Moo Park Devan Phillips Betsabeh Tusi Kathryn E. Huey-Tubman Alexander A. Cohen Ramnik J. Xavier 《Cell》2021,184(12):3205-3221.e24
9.
J. P. DUBEY 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1997,44(6):592-602
ABSTRACT. The development of Toxoplasma gondii was studied in mice fed bradyzoites. At one hour after oral inoculation (HAI), bradyzoites were found in cells of the surface epithelium and the lamina propria of the small intestine, primarily the ileum. Division into two tachyzoites was first observed at 18 HA1 in the intestine. At 24 HAI, organisms were also seen in mesenteric lymph nodes. Organisms were first detected in the brain at six days after oral inoculation with bradyzoites (DAI) but not consistently until 10 DAI. Immunohistochemical staining with bradyzoite specific (BAG-5 antigen) anti-serum showed that bradyzoites retained their BAG-5 reactivity even after the first division into two tachyzoites in the intestine at 18 HAL BAG-5 positive organisms were not seen 2–5 DAI. BAG-5 antigens reappeared in T. gondii at 6 DAI. Whole mice and individual tissues of mice fed bradyzoites were bioassayed in cats and mice for the presence of bradyzoites. Feces of cats fed murine tissues were examined for oocyst shedding for short prepatent periods. Bradyzoites were present in the intestines of mice up to 12 HA1 but not at 18 HAI, and tachyzoites and not bradyzoites disseminated to other tissues from the intestine. Bradyzoites were again detected 6 DAI. Using the mouse bioassay, T. gondii was first detected in peripheral blood at 24 HA1 and more consistently at 48 HAL Using a pepsin-digestion procedure and mouse bioassay, organisms were demonstrated in many tissues of mice 15 and 49 DAI. 相似文献
10.
J T Wright 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》1992,48(4):385-392
In this report, conditions have been established for utilizing monoclonal antibodies and fluorescence activated flow cytometry in studying antigen expression by primary porcine stromal-vascular cells cultured under various conditions. Single cells were isolated from cultures maintained in DME/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 2% pig serum, and containing 2% pig serum and 10 nM dexamethasone supplemented with growth hormone (GH), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Flow cytometric analyses revealed that the proportion of cells expressing detectable levels of the AD-1 cells surface antigen was greater in cultures supplemented with 2% pig serum and 10 nM dexamethasone than in other media. In cultures, GH, TNF-alpha and TGF-beta each inhibited lipid deposition, whereas TNF-alpha and TGF-beta, but not GH, inhibited AD-1 antigen expression. Inhibition of lipid deposition as well as antigen expression by TNF-alpha and TGF-beta was reversible, but inhibition of cluster formation by GH was not reversed upon removal from cultures. In summary, differential effects of factors on surface antigen expression by preadipocytes are detectable by flow cytometry. Flow cytometric analysis using monoclonal antibodies produced against key developmentally regulated cell surface antigens is potentially a powerful analytical approach to the study of adipocyte development. 相似文献